Here are the key points from Chancellor Kwasi Kwarteng’s mini-budget statement to MPs:
• The basic rate of income tax will be cut to 19p in the pound from April 2023. Will mean 31 million people will be better off by an average of £170 per year.
• The 45% higher rate of income tax is to be abolished.
• It was already announced that April’s National Insurance hike is to be reversed from 6 November – saving money for businesses and 28 million workers. The 1.25 percentage points increase was introduced under former chancellor Rishi Sunak.
• Planned duty rises on beer, cider, wine and spirits cancelled
• Stamp duty to be cut from “today”. Nothing will be paid for first £250,000 of property’s value – double the current amount allowed. The threshold for first-time buyers is to be increased from £300,000 to £425,000. The value of the property on which first-time buyers can claim relief is to also go up from £500,000 to £625,000.
• Household bills to be cut by an expected £1,400 this year with aid from energy price guarantee and £400 grant. Millions of the most vulnerable households will receive additional payments, taking their total savings this year to £2,200.
• Total cost of energy package, including business support, over next six months estimated at £60bn. It is “entirely appropriate for the government to use our borrowing powers to fund temporary measures to support families and businesses”.
• Treasury estimates see tax cut measures costing nearly £45bn a year in 2026.
• Independent forecasters expect the government’s energy plan “will reduce peak inflation by around five percentage points”.
• Bank of England independence is “sacrosanct”.
• Government to set out its fiscal approach more fully in future and the Office for Budget Responsibility will publish an economic and fiscal forecast before the end of the year.
• The EU-era cap on bankers’ bonuses is to be lifted as part of efforts to “reaffirm” the UK’s status as a financial services hub. “All the bonus cap did was to push up the basic salary to bankers or drive activity outside Europe”, the chancellor said.
• Planned rise in corporation tax to 25% next year is cancelled. “We will have the lowest rate of corporation tax in the G20. This will plough almost £19 billion a year back into the economy”, Mr Kwarteng said.
• Will legislate to require trade unions to put pay offers to a member vote so strikes can only be called once negotiations have fully broken down.
• To cut taxes for businesses in designated sites for 10 years to support investment, jobs and growth. In talks with 38 local and mayoral combined authority areas in England about “investment zones”. Aims to roll out more widely across UK.
• New legislation will cut barriers and restrictions to building new roads, rail and energy infrastructure.
• Universal Credit Claimants who earn less than the equivalent of 15 hours a week at National Living Wage, 120,000 people, will be required to meet regularly with their Work Coach and take active steps to increase their earnings or face having their benefits reduced. Aim is to reduce vacancies in economy.
• Introducing VAT-free shopping for overseas visitors.
• Changing regulations to increase investment by pension funds into UK assets, benefiting savers and boosting economic growth, and incentivising investment into Britain’s science and tech companies.
• Annual Investment Allowance – tax relief for businesses on plant and technology investment – to remain at £1m permanently, rather than letting it return to £200,000 in March 2023.